What is the scientific study of heredity called?

The scientific study of heredity is known as genetics. This field focuses on understanding how traits and characteristics are passed from parents to offspring through genes. Genetics encompasses various aspects, including the structure, function, and transmission of genetic material, as well as the mechanisms behind inheritance patterns.

By contrast, biology is a broader field that includes the study of all living organisms and their interactions, encompassing various sub-disciplines such as genetics, but not limited to just heredity. Evolution pertains to the changes in the genetic composition of populations over generations and how species adapt over time, rather than the specific processes of heredity. Microbiology is the study of microorganisms, such as bacteria and viruses, which, while having their own genetic considerations, does not focus specifically on heredity as a primary subject.